Method of making elastic webbing and product thereof



May 12, 1953 D. G. PossoN 2,638,130

METHOD 0F MAKING ELAsTIc WEBBING AND PRODUCT THEREOF Filed March 7, 1950 3 Sheets-Shea?l 3 fg. J.

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Patented May 12, 1953 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE METHOD F MAKING ELASTIC WEBBING AND PRODUCT THEREOF Donald G. Basson, Needham, Mass.

Application March 7, 1950, Serial No. 148,059

12 Claims. (Cl. 139-421) warp threads carried above the surface of the` webbing is to provide a non-slipping or slip-reunder tension, it presents no problems of curling,

twisting or puckering of the webbing, because the rubber warps are evenly spaced across the width of the web and are woven under a sion.

It is likewise old to make a non-stretchable slip resisting webbing, having n'on-stretchable warp threads, such as cotton, rayon, or the like,

and which carries exposed and uncovered rubber Such a l warp threads raised on one surface. non-stretchable webbing is shown in` Chisholm uniform ten- L# Patent No. 1,666,686, granted April 17, 1928 for Fabric. In such webbing, the exposed and raised rubber warp threads are woven without tension or with the least tension possible, to `preventthe fabric from curling, twisting and puckering.

It has heretofore been thought impossible to make an elastic slip-resisting webbing, which would be substantially stretchable (i. e. having extensible rubber warp threads in the body of the web and having exposed rubber raised on one or both surfaces) because of the impossibility' of making the webbing lie nat, and prevent it from curling, twisting and puckering. Unless an elastic webbing lies flat, and has no tendency to curl or twist, it is not, of course, a commercial, or practical product. Nevertheless, I have been able to overcome the problems involved and'have succeeded in making such a non-slipping elastic webbing, which lies at and has no tendency to curl, twist or pucker, and have done this by the method described herein.

I have discovered that the solution of the problem lies in weaving the webbing while the 2 elastic body warp threads are held under the substantial tension and the exposed and raised rubber warp threads are held under a lesser tension, so that when the webbing leaves the loom, the tensions of the two elastic warp threads balance each other, and the uneven pulling and contracting of the two rubber warps, which causes curling, twisting and puckering of the webbing,

is avoided. Naturally the tensions of the two rubber warps necessary for balancing will differ with the particular weave and with the number of body warps in proportion to the number cf exposed and raised warps. i l

As an illustration of `my method adapted to weaving a narrow webbing of a particular construction, which includes non-stretchable fiber warp threads of cotton, rayon, nylon or the like, the covered body warp threads of rubber are woven while under tension, or stretched to approximately 70% of their maximum stretchability or elastic limit, and the uncovered exposed warp threads of rubber raised above both surfaces of the webbing, are also woven while under tension and stretched to approximately cf their maximum stretchability. In this manner and for this construction the tensions of the rubber warp threads are balanced in the webbing, and on leaving the loom, the webbing lies flat and has no tendency to curl, twist or pucker. The webbing thus makes a fully stretchable, nonslipping elastic webbing, which is commercially practical, and highly satisfactory in use, and has many uses. A particular and important use is its use as a stretchable inner belt for supporting a pair of trousers, slacks, trunks or a skirt which belt is mounted inside of the waistband of the` garment whereby its resiliency permits stretching and its slip-resisting surface tends to keep a shirt or shirtwaist from pulling or sliding up at the waist. Heretofore such inner belts have been non-resilient and non-stretchable, with all the limitations and disadvantages of such an inextensible construction.

Before explaining in detail the present invention it is to be understood that the invention is not limited in its application to the details of construction and arrangement of parts 1lustrated in the accompanying drawings, since the invention is capable of other embodiments and of being practiced or carried out in various ways. Also it is to be understood that the phraseology or terminology employed herein is for the purpose of description and not of limitation, and it is not intended to limit the invention claimed here- .in beyond the requirements of the prior art.

Fig. 4 isa planipctorial View ofastripof .the e second form of'my elastic webbing; and

Fig. 5 is a weaving diagram in closs section of the webbing shown in Fig. 4.

In the drawings lo represents the binder warp threads of fiber, such as cotton, rayon, nylon-and" the like, 2o represents the rubber body warp' threads and 39 represents the exposed rubberA cord warp threads and di! represents the filling threads. In Fig. 3 is a diagrammatic representa-V4 tion of a loom showing my method of .weaving my elastic webbingwherein the inextensible binder warp thread. lu is wound on suitablespools I i and rotatably mounted" on' a or Packages spindle lzfxedto the-frameof the machine,

from-which the thread iii is unwound and drawn ofg` as required; A suitable tension device-gen` era-lly indicated at i@ is pivotally mounted-- on*` the `frame and places a drag or tension.- onithe spooll l|, whereby the binder warp threadid-'is held taut at all times.I As shown the tension deviceliicomprisesan arm ldpivoted at i3, and'-r the-rear end lafof Whichfrictionally-engages the flanged-end of the `spool i.

The

Iimayf be vvaried and adjusted as desired. spools Hofbinder warp threads iii ara-oi course,

repeated as`often as necessary toprovide the desired'number of binder vfarpthreads for particular webbing being woven. As shown lthe binderwarp'threads It are drawn over roller ithrough back reed Mid and underwhip rollV i9 ito be-delive-red tothe heddles 5b -for weaving.

Therubber body=warp threads Miare*similarlyl woven on spoclsl rotatably mounted on spindlesv 22* carried on the back rack of the loorn and arexdrawnlofffover a roll fandunder a whip rolllila to the-haddles bfi".

threads 29'3- The forwardv endy b `of the arm l'ca'rriesy a tension rollf it andv weight l '1, whereby tensionkplaced on'thevyarn Again a tension device'A generally indicated at @ai isprovideddorplacing' a tension on the rubber body Warpl TheV tension device gfiagain com--I prises an armr` pivotally mounted at 23 and i they rear endfofwhich 25a frictionall'y engagesth'elanged end of the` spool 2i lto provide am Again a weight 2- attached to the front endfbbof the yarrn 25 prcl videsmeans forvarying the tensionfplaced 'on'- theY rubber body warpthreadsill. In this particun la-rsinstance theftension lplaced on the body 'warp'v threads-2o issuch that the body-warp=threads are stretched to'approximately 71% of .itsmaxi-w mum i-stretchabilityor its elastic limit. The rub# ber thread normall'yiused inelastic-webbingv has-.-a=maximum stretch of about 87511704offits'v normal length, or 8% timesits normal-Ilength, andthe tension placed `onl the rubber. bodyfwarp threads Zoisapproximately 70 to 75%'1of itsmaximum ,stretchability or elastici limit, .orfy 625 of 'f'itsr normal lengthwithout tension. Again'the:v numberfof spools or-ends'of the# rubber bodyv warp threads Edie repeated to provide theldee'` sir ed.number of f body warp threads 2 i), v reduiredf for-.'the-iparticula-r webbingbeing woven.

The exposed rubber cord warps ieare simif larly wound on a Vsuitable `spool orl other package 3l .rotatably mounted on a spindle .'42 fixed tothev frame of the loom; Againa suitable tension .def-1 Vice generally indicated at is provided for placn ing proper tension upon the exposed rubber cord warps 39, which in this instance comprises a fabric apron 34 which frictionally engages the surface of spool 3i, the rear end of which is attached to rod 33 and at its other end is attached to the pivoted arm 3G pivcted at its rear end on pivot 37. An upright arm is connected to the otherend otaprolrS-i-and `again an adjustable ,weight-.38 provides `nieans for varying the tension placed on the rubber cord warp threads 3B. Again the spools of exposed rubber cord warps are repeated to provide the required number ofrubbencord warps 3@ required for theparticular elastic webbing being woven. In

the'rubber'ibody'warp threads 2u is aboutV half' asemuch again or-% more than that kplaced onftheexposedy rubber-warp threads Zit. Whilev the'f-dii'erence` in tens-ion betweenthe two rubber warp threads 2G and 3d 'will vary'with the par.-

ticula'r Weave; the tension placed on the rubber.

body warp threads 2li is substantially more than thatplaced'on the exposed warp threads 3%; and theV precisediierence inthe necessary tension canbe'readilyl determined by experimentation, to

n* see-1 thaty the-tensions f balance in the finished..

elastic'webbirig', to allow it to lie fiat and without atendency to twist,- curlor crinkle. t As iscustomary -inweaving elastic webbing and" asshown'. in Fig. 3; itfwill beunderstood that the ir'iextensible` binder'warp threads if), thevrubber body warpthreads 2@ and the exposed rubber cord warp threads 39 are carried in para1` lelrelationthrough the -heddles 5U of the looml wherethewarp'threads are lifted by their re'- spective heddles-in accordance with the determined design of thewebbing, and a shuttle 52I passes a quill carrying the inextensible llin'; yarn4 doffrayon, nylon or` the like vthrough the warp threads', to weaveVY the elastic webbing inl the usualm'anner.'r` The webbing passes over roller faroundlknee roll 5H' and thence into the basket-J oriy other 'container 2 Aswanillustrationofa specic form of elastic webbing having" rubber body warp threadsl and exposed rubbercord warp threads, and which thusprovides" a' stretchable and slip-resistingv elasticwebbing, one vform is shown in plan view in Figxlfandin'weavingdiagram in Fig. 2;v In Figs.1'1^`andf2 inextensible ber binder warp threads arefshown at l0; the rubberbodywarp 'threadskwhich are covered by they lling yarn 40,

arecshownat Zi-andfithe exposed cord rubber warpsfwhich float on or are raised above the` bodyofV the'webbing are shown at 30. InthisV form ofwebbingve spaced rows of exposed rub# -ber. cordfwarp'threads are shown on thetopy side'ofth'enwebbing,A and it will be understood that fourfsimilar1 rows areprovded on the underside betweenfthegrlveqrows shown in the top side. thefweavingdiagrarn inFig.` 2'shows a wire 35* isprovidew at the outer-edges; of the webbing: aroundiwhich the lling yarn-40 is-passed.' It?.r will vbe understood thatthev wire 35 is withdrawn as the woven webbing advances through the loom.-v IniFig;f.2 four7 picksrof the lweave for making-'the web'binghownin,Fig., 1 areshown, after whichi the' designf is repeated. Starting at the left in Fig. 2 itwill be noted that the rst pick of filling yarn 40 iirst passes under and over the wire"35, and over and under the binder warps I0, rubber body warps 2l] and rubber cord warps 30 as indicated. The weave shown between the dotted vertical lines is then repeated four times and the border is then woven as indicated at the right edge of Fig. 2. It will be noted that the lling 4D passes over binder warps l0 and rubber body warps 20 and covers them, and that the cord rubber warps 30 are above the nlling thread 40 six times and under it two times, thus leaving it 'exposed or iloating above the surface of the webbing. The exposed cord rubber warps `3l! thus V binder warps I0, rubber body warps 20, exposed rubber cord warps 30 and filling 40. This secin that the exposed rubbercord warps are arranged singly and are uniformly distributed over the webbing, rather than in grouped rows. The exposed rubber cord warps 30 thus provide a nonslipping surface uniformly over the elastic webbing on both sides, and not in spaced rows only. The specific weave again is shown in the weaving diagram in Fig. 5 and it will be apparent from the diagram, which shows eight consecutive picks in cross section, how the filling yarn alternately passes over and under respective binder warps I0 and rubber body warps 20. As indicated in Fig. 5 the weave pattern shown between the dotted vertical lines is repeated sixteen times,

but it will, of course, be understood that the number of times the center weave is repeated "is dependenton width of webbing desired. Again the binder warps I0 and rubber body warps 20 are entirely covered by the filling yarn' 40 and the rubber cord warps 30 are exposed and `raised above the surface of the webbing to` provide a non-slipping surface. As with the form of webbing shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the webbing is woven while the rubber body warps 20 are stretched from 70 to 75% of `their maximum stretch and the rubber cord warps 30 are stretched to approximately 50% of their maximum stretch.

It will be understood that the particular weaving designof my stretchable elastic webbing having a non-slipping surface can be Varied indefinitely and that the tensions under which therubber` body warps 20 and the exposed cord rubber warps 30 are woven-will also vary with the particularweave, to secure the necessary balance between tensions of the two rubber warp threads. The rubber body warps 20, however, to provide the proper balance of tensions should be substantially and in the order of 50% greater than that of the exposed rubber cord warps 30, and roughly in the order of 3 to 2, or 7 to 5. It will be further understood, of course, that my elastic webbing is not limited in Width to a narrow fabric, but that my webbing can be broadened to any Width desired for the particular purpose intended.

The rubber body warps 20 and exposed rubber cord warps 30 may be round or square in cross section as desired, but the exposed rubber cord warps 3D are preferably square cut as shown in Figs. 2 and 5 to provide a more effective non-slipping raised surface.

It will thus be seen that by properly balancing the tensions in the manner disclosed herein between the rubber body warp threads 20 and exposed warp cord threads 30, it is possible to probelt for supporting trousers or a skirt, in that it will yield and stretch with the movement of the body of the wearer, and that the tension of the bel-t will be independent of the waistband of the trousers (or skirt) and therefore will snugly iit the waist of the wearer at all times regardless 4of his (or her) movement of the position of his (or her) body, and at the same time will prevent or tend to prevent the shirt (or shirtwaist) from pulling up at the waistband.

I claim:

1. The method of weaving a slip-resisting elastic webbing having inextensible body warp threads, extensible body warp threads and exposed extensible warp threads raised above the body of the webbing, which consists in interweaving a filling yarn with said warp threads while holding the inextensible body warp threads taut, and while holding the extensible body warp threads and the exposed extensible warp threads under tension, with the extensible body war-p threads stretched to a greater tension than the exposed extensible warp threads, whereby the tensions of the extended warp threads in the webbingare balanced.

2. The method of weaving a slip-resisting elastic webbing having threads, extensible body warp threads and exposed extensible warp threads raised above the `body of the webbing, which consists in interweaving a lling yarn with said warp threads, wherein during the weaving the inextensible body warpthreads are held taut, and the extensible warp threads are held under tension, with the extensible body warp threads held 'under proportionately greater tension than that of the exposed extensible warp threads whereby the tensions of the extended warp threads iin the webbing are balanced.

3,. The method of weaving a slip-resisting elastic webbing having threads, extensible body warp threads and exposed extensible warp threads raised above the body of the webbing, which consists in interweaving a filling yarn with said warp threads, wherein during the weaving the inextensible body warp threads `are held taut, and the extensible warp threads are held under tension, with the extensible body warp threads held under greater tension than that of the exposed extensible warp threads in the proportion of approximately 3 to 2 whereby the tensions of the extended warp threads in the webbing are balanced.

4. 'Ihe method of weaving a slip-resisting elastic webbing having inextensible body warp threads, extensible body warp threads and exposed extensible warp threads raised above the body of the webbing, which consists in :interweaving a illing yarn with said warp threads, wherein during the weaving the inextensible body warp threads are held taut, and the extensible warp threads are held under tension, with the extensible body warp threads held under approximately 50% greater tension than that of the exposed extensible warp threads whereby the tensions of the extended warp threads in the webbing are balanced.

5. The method of weaving a slip-resisting elastic webbing having inextensible body warp threads, extensible body warp threads and ex- `inextensible body warp inextensible body warp posed4 extensible.warprtltrreadsf;raisedV abovefzthe-z:

bod-y off fthe, webbir'ig.'Y whichl consistss in: inte wherein during.. the i, weavingv the.`y inextensibl'e body y warp threads are held ,tautgf theif'fextensible v body warp threads. are stretched.toifapproxiei^ mately 7 0% of their maximum'elastic limit, Tand f1 the` extensible warp threads having i exposediporertions vraised above the surface ofthe webbingiareVv .10y mu-mfelastic limit, .whereby the tensions' offthel-I stretchedto approximately 50%" ofzth'eir-maxieextended-warp `threads in the=webbing are b'alE anced.`

6.1' The method -oi weaving 'a Aslip-resistir1g,'elfas tic webbing having a ser-lestofsinextensible'-body:`

warp threads, extensible body Warp threads and exposed extensible warp' threads raisedfabovefthe their maximum elastic limit.

7.' Themethod of vweaving a slip-resisting'velase tic webbing havinga series of inextensible bodyv Warp threads, extensible body warplthreads vand exposed yextensible .warp threads vraised above the body of the webbing onboth sides thereof; which` consists in-interweaving a filling yarn withsaidwarp threads wherein: during, theweaving the.y

inexte'nsible b'odyzwarpv threads are held ftaut, the,l extensible body warp threads are -he1d vunder a tension-approximating 70% offtheiry maxirniimly elastic limit and 'fthe extensible warp threads-i having exposed'r portions raised* on .r both sides abovefthe' surfaeerof the'webbingffare-vlield.under;l "f i tension` approximating 56% ofv their maximum elastic limit.

8. A sliperesis'ting elastic webbing comprising', in combination, a textile backinghavingxinex tensible and l extensible 'body' warpv threadscov'- ered" by ani interwoven weft thread, andar-slip` resisting structure raised thereon comprising `extensible-v warpithrea'ds having exposedI portions raised. Aabove thefsurface -of the. :backingy on'both v sidesthereof.'

9. A slip-.resistingV elastic webbingy f lha-ving;V in

covered elastic and non-elastic" Warp .i threads; eoiimorising the 'body iof f theW`eb Y hing'. elastic threadsthaving 1 exposed'. pore-- tions fraisedabove ithesssurface `of ithe'f 'webbingi-e and '"wef-ti threads interWoven'twithi-:said *Wa-rpt 8255 threads;4 ,whereinatheeelastic;iwarp; threadssvaresf held. i under.y tension, with L the :elastici bodyafwarpi, threads L:heldiunder:..a .tension greater; thanthat of*l the exposedv elasticf warp threads.,` and whereby,

' theftensons -thereinixare balanced to formav filatiV webbingir.

10. A-vslip-resisting elastic webbingshavingiinl combination, covered elasticV andeI non-elastic# Warp,rtlfireads,z comprisingthe'lbody of th'e-zweb-`=V bingev elasticwarp threads havingy exposed .por-'- tions-raisedlabove thetsurface. of*v they webbing, and `weftth'readsi interwoven with salda Warpthreads;1 wherein .they elastic` Warp threads are?V held -undery tension, with the Velastic bodywarpqv u threads' Ifheld underf. a.- proportionately, greater;y

tensiorrtthan1 that ofi theexposed elastic i 4Warp ff threadsgpand in-.a proportion approximatingleto 2 and. whereby the; tensionstherein are'ba1ancedto form `a lat-` :webbing:y

1l.y A; slip-resisting: elastic webbing compris-f ingfincombination, aftextile back-inghavingi ine extensible v and -1 extensible' f body y warp; i threads covered by: an interwoven vweftfthread,l and asile-fresisting structure :raised 'thereoncomprisingf ex.-

1: ysensible` warp f threadshaving exposed= portions-J1 raised above 'the' surface of therbacking on fboth'. sides thereof; wherein. then extensible Warpfl threads are held under tension, with Vthe extensie` ble body warp threadsl held' under extension` greater than the exposed fextensibl'ewarp threadsai and Wherebyithe tensions therein are balancedi 12. A` sliperesisting-:elastic webbing comprising-,1 in combination, atextilebacknghaving inextene' sible andl extensible'bodywarp threads covered'v i by an yinterwoven 'weft thread, anda slip-resisting? structure raised: thereon comprising.: extensible? warp threads*v having .exposed- "portions raised." above' the "surface: of the 1 backing onrboth rsides thereof wherein the extensible" warp ,threadsr'aref' warpthreads heldv under a tension approximating@ 50%g-reaterfithan: ther; exposed f extensible f Warpiff threads',` L and,"` whereby thetensions."` therein `are balan'cedg,l

DONALD `G. POSSONi RefrencesCited-inthe le of this-J patent UNITED SIATES` PATENTS Number Name Date 1,322,708 MacPherson i- Nov."25-,i1919:1 1,666,686v ChiShOlm: Apri 17, 19281;` 1,755,787 Moore Apr, 22;. 1930;!

1,796,041` MooresL ..Mar..10,;.f193`1-C 2,222;150 l Moore Nov-.49%, 1940.6: 

